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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Kenya (2001)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Kenya (2001)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Kenya (2001)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsKenya
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
41.95% (male 6,524,776; female 6,381,192)

15-64 years:
55.26% (male 8,529,842; female 8,471,609)

65 years and over:
2.79% (male 376,151; female 482,346) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts coffee, tea, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables; dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs
Airports 1 (2006) 230 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total:
22

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
13

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
208

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
14

914 to 1,523 m:
109

under 914 m:
84 (2000 est.)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total:
582,650 sq km

land:
569,250 sq km

water:
13,400 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Nevada
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. Revered president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his death in 1978, when current President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. The country faces a period of political uncertainty because MOI is constitutionally required to step down at the next elections that have to be held by early 2003.
Birth rate NA 28.5 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues:
$2.91 billion

expenditures:
$2.97 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Nairobi
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior
Coastline 26 km 536 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, and 1997
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form:
Republic of Kenya

conventional short form:
Kenya

former:
British East Africa
Currency - Kenyan shilling (KES)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 14.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $6.2 billion (2000)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Johnnie CARSON

embassy:
US Embassy, Mombasa Road, Nairobi

mailing address:
P. O. Box 30137, Box 21A, Unit 64100, APO AE 09831

telephone:
[254] (2) 537-800

FAX:
[254] (2) 537-810
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Yusuf Abdulraham NZIBO

chancery:
2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-6101

FAX:
[1] (202) 462-3829

consulate(s) general:
offices in Los Angeles and New York are closed; mission to the UN remains open
Disputes - international none administrative boundary with Sudan does not coincide with international boundary
Economic aid - recipient $NA $457 million (1997)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Kenya is well placed to serve as an engine of growth in East Africa, but its economy has been stagnating because of poor management and uneven commitment to reform. In 1993, the government of Kenya implemented a program of economic liberalization and reform that included the removal of import licensing, price controls, and foreign exchange controls. With the support of the World Bank, IMF, and other donors, the reforms led to a brief turnaround in economic performance following a period of negative growth in the early 1990s. Kenya's real GDP grew 5% in 1995 and 4% in 1996, and inflation remained under control. Growth slowed after 1997, averaging only 1.5% in 1997-2000. In 1997, political violence damaged the tourist industry, and Kenya's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program lapsed due to the government's failure to maintain reform or address public sector corruption. Severe drought in 1999 and 2000 caused water and energy rationing and reduced agricultural sector productivity. A new economic team was put in place in 1999 to revitalize the reform effort, strengthen the civil service, and curb corruption. The IMF and World Bank renewed their support to Kenya in mid-2000, but a number of setbacks to the economic reform program in late 2000 have renewed donor and private sector concern about the government's commitment to sound governance. Long-term barriers to development include electricity shortages, inefficient government dominance of key sectors, endemic corruption, and high population growth.
Electricity - consumption - 4.075 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 146 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 4.225 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
31%

hydro:
67%

nuclear:
0%

other:
2% (1999 est.)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Kenya 5,199 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Kenyan shillings per US dollar - 78.733 (December 2000), 76.176 (2000), 70.326 (1999), 60.367 (1998), 58.732 (1997), 57.115 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state:
President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote from among the members of the National Assembly for a five-year term; in addition to receiving the largest number of votes in absolute terms, the presidential candidate must also win 25% or more of the vote in at least five of Kenya's seven provinces and one area to avoid a runoff; election last held 29 December 1997 (next to be held by early 2003); vice president appointed by the president

election results:
President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI reelected; percent of vote - Daniel T. arap MOI (KANU) 40.6%, Mwai KIBAKI (DP) 31.5%, Raila ODINGA (NDP) 11.1%, Michael WAMALWA (FORD-K) 8.4%, Charity NGILU (SDP) 7.8%
Exports $NA $1.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities copra tea, coffee, horticultural products, petroleum products, fish, cement
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Uganda 18%, UK 15%, Tanzania 12%, Pakistan 8% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 July - 30 June
Flag description the flag of Australia is used three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center
GDP - purchasing power parity - $45.6 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
25%

industry:
13%

services:
62% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 0.4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 1 00 N, 38 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers on Mt. Kenya; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value
Highways - total:
63,800 km

paved:
8,868 km

unpaved:
54,932 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
1.8%

highest 10%:
34.9% (1994)
Illicit drugs - widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa
Imports $NA $3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products, iron and steel
Imports - partners Australia (2004) UK 12%, UAE 8%, Japan 8%, US 7% (1999)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 12 December 1963 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 0.5% (2000 est.)
Industries copra products and tourism small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products processing; oil refining, cement; tourism
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
67.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 7% (2000 est.)
International organization participation none ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 5 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 660 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president); High Court
Labor force NA 9.2 million (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others agriculture 75%-80%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
3,446 km

border countries:
Ethiopia 830 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land:
7%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
37%

forests and woodland:
30%

other:
25% (1993 est.)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws based on English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (222 seats; 210 members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms, 12 so-called "nominated" members who are appointed by the president, but selected by the parties in proportion to their parliamentary vote totals)

elections:
last held 29 December 1997 (next to be held by early 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - KANU 107, FORD-A 1, FORD-K 17, FORD-People 3, DP 39, NDP 21, SDP 15, SAFINA 5, smaller parties 2; seats appointed by the president - KANU 6, FORD-K 1, DP 2, SDP 1, NDP 1, SAFINA 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population:
47.49 years

male:
46.57 years

female:
48.44 years (2001 est.)
Literacy NA definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
78.1%

male:
86.3%

female:
70% (1995 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,893 GRT/6,255 DWT

ships by type:
petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary General Service Unit of the Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $197 million (FY98/99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.9% (FY98/99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
7,712,402 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
4,774,889 (2001 est.)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Independence Day, 12 December (1963)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun:
Kenyan(s)

adjective:
Kenyan
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April recurring drought in northern and eastern regions; flooding during rainy seasons
Natural resources fish gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife, hydropower
Net migration rate NA -1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

note:
according to UNHCR, by the end of 1999 Kenya was host to 223,700 refugees from neighboring countries, including: Somalia 141,000 and Sudan 64,250
Pipelines - petroleum products 483 km
Political parties and leaders none Democratic Party of Kenya or DP [Mwai KIBAKI]; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Asili or FORD-A [Martin SHIKUKU, secretary general]; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Michael Kijana WAMALWA]; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE, chairman]; Kenya African National Union or KANU [President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI] - the governing party; National Development Party or NDP [Raila ODINGA, president]; SAFINA [Farah MAALIM, chairman]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Dr. Apollo NJONJO, secretary general and Justus NYANG'AYA, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders none human rights groups; labor unions; Muslim organizations; National Convention Executive Council or NCEC, a proreform coalition of political parties and nongovernment organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA]; Protestant National Council of Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other Christian churches; Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY, chairman]
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 30,765,916

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - 42% (1992 est.)
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 1.27% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 24, FM 8, shortwave 6 (1999)
Radios - 3.07 million (1997)
Railways - total:
2,778 km

narrow gauge:
2,778 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
the line connecting Nairobi with the port of Mombasa is the most important in the country
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Protestant 38%, Roman Catholic 28%, indigenous beliefs 26%, Muslim 7%, other 1%

note:
a large majority of Kenyans are Christian, but estimates for the percentage of the population that adheres to Islam or indigenous beliefs vary widely
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.78 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage NA 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment:
unreliable; little attempt to modernize except for service to business

domestic:
trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; business data commonly transferred by a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system

international:
satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 290,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 5,345 (1997)
Television broadcast stations NA 8 (1997)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west
Total fertility rate NA 3.5 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 50% (1998 est.)
Waterways - NA

note:
part of the Lake Victoria system is within the boundaries of Kenya
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